Acne
Blocked, inflamed hair follicles causing blackheads, whiteheads and pimples. Very treatable. Not caused by poor hygiene.
Treatment options
Ratings show how strong the research is.
- Strong evidenceBenzoyl peroxidePharmacy wash or gel. Reduces bacteria and inflammation. Can dry skin and bleach fabric.
- Strong evidenceRetinoid cream or gelAdapalene or tretinoin, at night on the whole area. Best for blackheads and whiteheads. Start every second night.
- Strong evidenceCombination gelAdapalene with benzoyl peroxide. The most effective cream for most people.
- Strong evidenceAntibiotic tabletsSuch as doxycycline, for moderate acne. Used for about 3 months alongside a cream, not on their own.
- Strong evidenceContraceptive pillSome types help acne in women.
- Strong evidenceIsotretinoinFor severe or scarring acne, prescribed by a dermatologist. Very effective. Must not be used in pregnancy.
- Moderate evidenceAzelaic acidA gentler option, also helps dark marks. Suitable in pregnancy.
- Moderate evidenceSpironolactoneA prescription tablet for women with persistent acne, often when the pill or antibiotics haven’t helped. Not for use in pregnancy.
- Limited evidenceDiet changesA lower-sugar diet may help some people. Evidence is limited.
What you can do
- Gentle cleanser up to twice a day.
- Oil-free, non-comedogenic products and sunscreen.
- Don’t pick or squeeze.
- Allow 8 to 12 weeks for any treatment to work.
See your GP if
- No better after 3 months of pharmacy treatment
- Deep painful lumps, scarring or dark marks
- It’s affecting your mood
Some acne treatments are unsafe in pregnancy. Tell your doctor if you’re pregnant or planning to be.
Evidence and more information
maladywise.com/acne/